The credit hour as a unit of measurement—like everything else in higher education—is under scrutiny. It's one of those comfortable items we simply take for granted, like Twinkies. It's hard to imagine a dystopian world without Twinkies, but something will undoubtedly replace them. Credit hours, too, shall pass.
Some schools are already using competency-based instruction. But what would be the consequences if "doing time" faded as a valid way to gauge learning, financial aid, faculty workloads, and so many other benchmarks? Credit hours are a way of life.
A fascinating article by Dan Berrett in the Chronicle of Higher Education covers a new effort by the Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching to examine the implications of shifting the paradigm to a whole new conception.
Picture teaching without grading, for instance. For most faculty members, it would be heavenly. But testing of some sort would presumably be needed. It's hard to imagine how this would work, but teaching-to-the-test would seem a likely outcome. And Texas stakeholders in the public schools (especially parents and teachers) are suffering from test fatigue as it is.
Those in nursing and cosmetology, for instance, are perfectly comfortable with qualifying examinations for students. Things get weird, however, for the liberal arts, humanities, and fine arts.
Who first thought up the credit hour? It was the Carnegie folks—the same outfit examining alternatives now.
From the article:
Instituted by the foundation in 1906, the unit is traditionally defined as one hour of faculty-student contact per week and two hours of outside work over a 15-week semester. Though it was initially invented chiefly to determine faculty members' eligibility to receive a pension, the credit hour has assumed an importance it was never meant to have. It has come to undergird much of the academic enterprise, including student and faculty workloads, schedules, financial aid, and degree requirements.
"That happened by default," said Elena Silva, a senior associate for research and policy at Carnegie, who noted that a time-based measurement has endured as the metric largely because its meaning can be universally understood. "We're at a point now where we could do better."
And:
Pamela Tate, president and chief executive officer of the Council for Adult and Experiential Learning, a group that advocates for the use of measures that award credit based on prior learning, hailed Carnegie's announcement, calling it "long overdue."
"This move to competence and away from the credit hour holds tremendous potential for the adult learner because they bring so much life and work experience to the table when they return to college," she said in an e-mail. "We believe strongly that learners should be assessed based on what they know and can do, not just time spent in a classroom."